Traumatic Brain Injury, Dysphagia, and the Ethics of Oral Intake

Required reading for all learners: Implicit Bias impacts patient outcomes

TBI is characterized by both cognitive and motor impairment, secondary complications related to chronic illness (headaches, vertigo, seizures), and psychological impacts on both individuals and their loved ones. Individuals suffering from TBI often require acute rehabilitation and long-term assistance with ADLs. Dysphagia, defined as a “swallowing disorder,” is common in individuals with a TBI and increases the risk of mortality and morbidity. Moreover, individuals with dysphagia may incur costs associated with additional health care services, resulting in a higher economic burden. Dysphagia necessitates ongoing, complex management of nutritional needs under the guidance of interdisciplinary teams, including physicians, speech-language pathologists (SLPs), and nurses. SLPs play an integral role in evaluating swallowing disorders and offering recommendations for meeting an individual’s nutritional needs safely.